Alkyd primer - the secret to reliable protection and adhesion

Alkyd soils are one of the most popular varieties of soil mixtures used in repairs. The demand for alkyd compounds is high and stable due to the versatility of the material. Primers can be used for processing substrates made of metal, plastic and even glass.

A key advantage of alkyd primers is that the polymers that form the basis of the soil formula create an ultra-strong film on the surface of the processed material that will be resistant to various environmental factors.

This property of the soil allows you to use it in both internal and external repair and decoration works.

Repair Application

In repair and finishing works, alkyd compounds can be used for processing bases made of metal: priming will protect the base from the formation of rust. In addition, coating with alkyd soil will strengthen the surface, fill all cracks and pores in the base and reduce the subsequent consumption of materials for finishing.

Alkyd soil-mixes are used on the basis of wood, particleboard, OSB for preliminary preparation for painting, applying putty, glue, finishing with liquid wallpaper.

The use of soil provides strong adhesion of the initial layer with subsequent layers, so the finish coating will be as strong and resistant to external negative factors as possible.

You should know that alkyd solutions are not used on the basis of crumbling materials (gypsum, plastered surfaces). An exception is concrete surfaces.

Specifications and Features

The main technical characteristics of alkyd soils include the following properties:

High resistance to temperature changes,

Effectively reducing the consumption of materials used for finishing,

Increased resistance of the base to wear, abrasion, the action of aggressive substances,

Protection of the base from the formation of mold and the appearance of fungus, moisture, which is especially true for wood surfaces, prone to swelling and shrinkage,

Prevention of the protrusion of resins on a painted wooden base.

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Features of the material depend on the components included in its composition. The main varieties of alkyd soil mixtures in composition are:

Glifthal soils. They differ from other types of solutions in that the basis of the mixture is filler and dye, are considered universal and can be used for both internal and external works,

Perchlorovinyl mixtures can be used on surfaces of metal, concrete, plastered base. Differ in speed of drying.

Due to its high toxicity, perchlorovinyl alkyd compounds are not used in interior repair and decorating!

Polyvinyl acetate formulations are used only before subsequent staining with alkyd-based paints. They have maximum drying speed - no more than 30 minutes,

Alkyd polystyrene primers are used for the treatment of wooden surfaces, but exclusively during outdoor work,

Alkyd-acrylic mixtures are primers of deep penetration. This type of soil is considered universal and can be used for working with bases made of wood and metal.

Alkyd-acrylic deep-penetrating mixtures are in greatest demand among consumers, due to their unique properties: their use helps to achieve excellent adhesion of the substrate and finish. The compositions can also be used as an independent impregnation of wood substrates. Deep penetration alkyd primer will reliably protect natural material from decay and mold processes.

Separately, it is worth noting that deep penetrating alkyd soils do not have an unpleasant specific smell, they dry quickly.

Alkyd primer application

Modern alkyd soils are produced by manufacturers ready for use, that is, no work is required to dilute the solution, concentrate, dry material. Before starting work with alkyd soil, it is recommended to wear protective clothing: gloves, a respirator and glasses. This category of primers is toxic, therefore safety measures and precautions should be observed.

Step-by-step work on priming surfaces with alkyd soil will look as follows:

Begin with a preliminary preparation of the surface for priming. If the base is metal, its surface layer is thoroughly cleaned of rust. Wooden surfaces are sanded to remove burrs and bumps. If there are deep cracks in the wooden base, they must be putty.

The metal base before applying alkyd soil can not be cleaned of rust, if the instructions for use of the solution allows the mixture to be applied to rust. The wood surface does not require preliminary preparation, if it is planned to use alkyd-acrylic soil for its processing.

The prepared surface is degreased with a special composition and dried.

Before use, mix the soil mixture. Some high concentration solutions may require dilution with a solvent to a certain degree of viscosity. You can find information on whether to soil before work can be found in the instructions for use of the material from the manufacturer.

The primer is applied to the surface with a brush, roller, spray. It is important to ensure that the soil lays evenly, without forming sagging and accumulations in certain areas of the surface.

After the applied layer has dried, alkyd soil is applied with a second layer. The exact drying time depends on the type of soil, and you can clarify it by studying the instructions for use of the material.

Alkyd Primer Prices

Prices for alkyd primers depend on the type of material, manufacturer, technical specifications, packaging volume and pricing policy of the outlet. However, it is worth noting that, in terms of price, alkyd soils are the most affordable for the consumer. Alkyd primers of the brands: TIKKURILA, Ceresit, Lacra, Technoline are in special demand among buyers. The average cost of one kilogram of material ranges from 60 to 700 rubles.

Alkyd primers - a universal material that has excellent technical characteristics, can be used for indoor and outdoor use, has an affordable price for the consumer. The use of alkyd primers in repairs will allow you to get a beautiful finish, which will also be reliably protected from the effects of negative environmental factors. However, it should be remembered that alkyd soils are toxic and therefore precautions should be observed when working with them.

Features alkyd primers

The great popularity of alkyd primers is primarily associated with their versatility. These compounds are used on wood, metal, plastic and even glass surfaces.

Depending on the type of material, the primer can have the following effects on it:

improved adhesion
corrosion protection,
filling pores and small cracks, which reduces the consumption of paints and varnishes,
hardening of the surface, so that putty put on top or paints and varnishes do not peel off,

Primer prevents corrosion under the paint

increased water resistance of wood - after processing, swelling and shrinkage are reduced,
antiseptic properties that prevent the formation of mold,
increased resistance to aggressive substances, as well as abrasion,
protection of LCP from penetration of resinous substances.

I must say that alkyd soil is often used in the decoration of frame houses for chipboards, such as OSB, chipboard, etc., for puttying and other further finishing.

Alkyd soil suitable for processing OSB

One more An important feature of the alkyd primer is that the polymers contained in it form a strong film on the surface that is resistant to various negative environmental influences. Due to this, it can be used for both indoor and outdoor work.

I must say that many home craftsmen are often interested in forums: which coating is better - alkyd or acrylic soil? First of all, I note that these formulations have a slightly different purpose. Alkyd primers, as already mentioned above, are intended for the treatment of metal and wooden surfaces for subsequent puttying or finishing with coatings.

Main properties and scope

Alkyd primer is almost universal. It is used to improve the quality of surfaces of wood, metal, glass, galvanized steel, concrete.

An alkyd primer applied to external metal structures and technical details of buildings and industrial structures will reliably protect them from corrosion. Later, the primed metal surface is painted with alkyd paint (enamel). This combination of coatings gives the metal corrosion resistance.

Primed metal will take much less paint. The polymers that make up the soil fill all the small gaps and pores present on the metal surface. Thus, additional mechanical surface protection is created.

Alkyd primer can be used on wooden surfaces before applying decorative and finishing materials (paint, putty, glue). If the wood surface is primed, then to create an external protective layer, in addition to alkyd paints, you can apply liquid wallpaper. Such a combination of finishing materials with the base gives an excellent result, providing the tree with durability.

Due to the high ability to adhere soil and liquid wallpaper, a coating is created that is inseparable from the wooden surface. Wood can also be painted using alkyd impregnation in one or two layers.

Concrete as well as metal and wood, after applying protective soils, should be painted with alkyd paints.

Completely dried alkyd soil creates, thanks to the polymers contained in it, a protective film. Therefore, the primer, alkyd paints and impregnations are suitable for use in outdoor works and interior decoration.

Alkyd primer is compatible with alkyd impregnation, alkyd and acrylic paints, nitro paint, PVA glue and acrylic putty. It is not recommended to use this type of primer for finishing work on gypsum, plaster and any other sprinkling building materials. This does not apply only to concrete.

Types of soil

Alkyd primers come in several forms. The attitude to a particular group is determined by their composition.

Glifthal. Their main difference is that they consist of a coloring pigment and filler. They, like alkyd primers, find their application in finishing work outside the building and indoors. Used to create a protective film on the surface of concrete, wood, metal, glass. Enamels and paints are laid on top of these soils. Glyphthal primers having a wide range of applications are called universal or general purpose primers. There are certain types of this material that can only be used on metal surfaces. They are distinguished by the ability to create a water-repellent film with anti-corrosion properties.
Perchlorovinyl primer is intended for application to metal, plaster, concrete. Not used for indoor use. Dries in an hour.
Polyvinyl acetate primer. Dries in half an hour. Apply only in combination with alkyd paints.
Polystyrene primer. It can only be used for outdoor outdoor work because of its high toxicity. It is suitable for use on wooden substrates.
Alkyd-urethane primer-enamel. Designed for coating metal surfaces of vehicles and exterior metal structures. Differs in the increased moisture resistance.

Technical specifications

Alkyd soil, containing various polymer compounds, has a large number of positive qualities and universal properties:

Gives surface strength to the base material.
Increases the corrosion resistance of the metal.
Helps protect against mold and mildew.
Prevents the growth of putrefactive bacteria
The protective film created by alkyd compounds is resistant to large temperature differences.
The use of primers reduces the cost of creating a coat of paint.
Thanks to the protective properties of the soil, the mechanical strength and durability of the substrate are increased.
The primer protects against aggressive environment and chemical compounds.
Priming allows to reduce the swelling of the tree from moisture.

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Application technology

Alkyd soils can be used for primary finishing works - external and internal, during reconstruction and major repairs of premises. The most common primer GF-021 has the best qualities of alkyd compounds. Therefore, if in doubt, what kind of soil to purchase, it is best to buy GF-021.

An alkyd primer is manufactured industrially. Purchased in a store, it is already ready for use. Before use, you must familiarize yourself with the instructions for use. Usually this material is just a few colors:

grey,
dark brown,
brown with a brick tint.

Since the film subsequently formed by polymer compounds is coated with paint or enamel, color does not play a special role. However, if you plan to paste the walls with light wallpaper, you should choose a different primer.

Before starting work, surfaces made of concrete, metal or wood must be cleaned of old paint, rust and any other contaminants, degreased and allowed to dry. You should remember about precautions when working with the composition: in order to avoid irritation on the skin, hands should be wearing gloves.
The primer is thoroughly mixed before application. To dilute it, use white spirit or other organic solvents.
It is possible to apply soil on the processed surface with a brush or roller. If necessary, after the first layer has dried, the process can be repeated.
The soil dries completely during the day. Thanks to its excellent frost resistance, alkyd soils can be stored at low temperatures.

A big minus in the use of alkyd primers is their high toxicity and fire hazard. Therefore, when working with solvents and the composition itself, it is imperative to follow all necessary safety measures: protect the skin of the hands with gloves, and the respiratory tract with a respirator. Otherwise, this is a fairly convenient material that does not require special tricks when using.

Properties and scope

Alkyd primer is one of the most versatile types of primer. It can be used for woodwork, metal, concrete. When processing metal parts, external structures or structures, they will be almost not susceptible to corrosion.And with subsequent use of alkyd paint, you can forget about corrosion for sure. When applying the primer, you will need a smaller amount of paint, because it will clog pores and small cracks, forming an additional protective layer.

You can use this material when processing wooden surfaces. This is a mandatory step before applying decorative materials. It will provide strength to the coating and lightness when applying varnish or paint.

The procedure for working with concrete surfaces is similar: after applying the primer, white or any other paint should be applied.

Always wait for the primer to dry completely. It is after this that it is able to form a thin protective layer.

This type of soil is perfectly combined with various alkyd impregnations, putty and paints, as well as with ordinary PVA glue. This type of primer should not be used for work with crumbling materials other than concrete.

Considering this type of primers, it is necessary to highlight a few main varieties that vary in composition and properties.

Glifthal. Suitable for all types of finishing work, both external and internal. Used to create a protective film on wood, metal, glass and concrete. It is mandatory to apply paint or varnish on top of the soil to create a more powerful protective layer. There are separate varieties that are used only for metals and their alloys; they have additional additives to prevent corrosion.
Perchlorovinyl the primer is used only for outdoor work on plaster or concrete. Dries in 60-90 minutes.
Polyvinyl acetate primer. Dries in 35-40 minutes, is used only in combination with paints.
Composition with polystyrene. It is very toxic, so it can not be used for interior decoration. It is used only for wooden substrates.

Alkyd-urethane composition. Designed only for metal processing. Often used when working with vehicles or metal structures experiencing various types of environmental influences: precipitation, temperature changes.
Phosphating. Increases adhesion. It is used only with metal.
Inhibitory. It forms a layer of water and oil repellent surface.
Passivating. Slows down the corrosion process. Forms a thin waterproof layer on the surface.
Tread. Designed for work with rust. It forms a base that prevents the appearance of new scratches and foci of rust. One of the most popular manufacturers of such a primer is the company "Prestige".

Specifications

Due to the presence of various compounds, alkyd primer has a number of positive qualities:

gives additional surface strength
possesses anticorrosive properties when applied to metal surfaces,
additional protection against the spread of fungi, rot and mold,
forms a protective layer against a wide range of temperatures,
reduces paint consumption,
increases the durability of the base itself,
the primer together with the paint protects the material from various chemical compounds, high acidity and alkalis,
wood when using soil is less exposed to moisture and practically does not swell.

Subtleties of use

All alkyd primers are now sold ready to use, so there should not be any difficulties in working with them. Following this step-by-step instruction, you can correctly apply a primer on any surface.

The first step is to prepare the material for applying the primer. If it is metal, then there should be no rust and no signs of corrosion on it. All burrs are removed from the tree, and cracks are smeared and putty.
Next, degrease the surface.
The soil mixture is stirred. On the packaging, the manufacturer must indicate exactly the consistency at which the primer will have the best adhesive index.
Primer is applied with a roller or brush. A spray can be used for some species.
In the process of applying the material, it is necessary to ensure that the layer is as even as possible.
Most often, after drying, you will need to apply a second coat.

The consumption of material during spraying is minimal - about 130 grams per 1 square. m in two layers. When using a roller or brush, the consumption increases to 200 grams per 1 square. m. It is necessary to carry out work on applying a primer at temperatures from -10 to +25 degrees using personal protective equipment.

Most experts advise not to start work at low temperatures, if this is not urgently needed.

The use of alkyd primers is a necessity when working with metal or wooden surfaces. Improving surface characteristics - every builder should strive for this, and the use of appropriate compositions will help to achieve this goal.