Front putty for painting for exterior work

For the interior and exterior walls use a variety of building materials. Facade putty is used for the processing, decoration and restoration of buildings. This finishing mixture helps to prepare a rough base for applying a decorative layer.

Features

Leveling mortars for walls are called differently: someone says “putty”, others call “putty”. The concept of putty is derived from a spatula tool with which a leveling solution is applied. Putty originates from the German language, translates as "shoulder blade". These two concepts combine one term - a mixture that serves for finishing the surface.

For exterior work, a special facade putty is used, which is distinguished by its strength characteristics of compositions for interior decoration.

The following requirements are applied to putty for the facade:

• it must have good adhesion to various building materials,
• easy to process further on a dry surface,

• be able to apply at low temperature,
• after hardening should have high strength characteristics,
• UV resistance
• resistance to precipitation,
• should form a wear-resistant coating that is resistant to contamination,
• ability to tolerate temperature changes,
• after drying, no cracks should form
• the composition should not contain harmful and toxic substances,
• the finished layer must be compatible with any paintwork materials,
• the solution should be flexible and convenient for distribution to the working area.

Facade putty, designed for finishing external elements, performs protective, leveling, strengthening and decorative functions.

Putty is characterized by such technical features:

• the thickness of the layer that is applied at a time
• the final drying time of each layer,
• mixture consumption per 1 square. m
• operation at low temperatures,
• multicomponent or complex compositions.

Putty materials are divided into types according to several characteristics.

The composition distinguish the following types of putties:

• cement - the main component is cement and sand, and reinforcing fibers, gypsum, marble powder are used as additives
• acrylic - based on acrylic polymer,
• acrylate - contains acrylic and latex,
• oil - the multicomponent composition includes drying oil, glue, acrylates, chalk,
• silicate - has a silicate water glass base,
• silicone - the main component is silicone.

The most common composition is cement, as it has an affordable price and adequate quality. Cement-based putty is applied to all types of mineral surfaces: concrete, plaster, lime, gypsum and brick.

Such a composition has the following positive qualities:

• frost resistance - maintains more than 100 cycles of freezing, is operated at low temperatures from -60 degrees,
• strength and wear resistance
• fire resistancerelates to non-combustible materials,
• water resistance - resistant to precipitation,
• environmental Safety - contains natural mineral supplements,
• good hiding power - It is capable of sealing defects of the base up to 1.5 cm.

The disadvantages of the composition include the ability to crack, as well as the fact that upon evaporation of moisture, the material shrinks.

Acrylic compounds are waterproof, do not form cracks. Create a strong elastic layer that can be further processed. Acrylic based putties are suitable only for finishing with a layer of up to 50 mmare not able to fill deep bumps due to their finely divided structure. When grinding, you need protection for the respiratory system, since the composition is very dusty.

Adding latex to acrylate putty gives increased moisture-resistant properties, ductility and durability. It is easy to apply, does not require prior mixing with water. But the price of such a product is much higher than for cement compositions.

Oil putty is used to align wooden facade elements.. It has its own characteristics in use, which limits its use. The oil filler layer must be protected with oil paint, since the components do not tolerate high humidity. They putty in a thin layer up to 2 mm with repeated repetition, which gives strength.

Silicate compounds fit well on aerated concrete, foam concrete, shell rock. A strict adherence to the application technology creates a protective vapor-permeable layer. Apply as a decorative finish.

When using silicone-based putties, a strong vapor-permeable protection is formed. The silicone layer repels dirt. It is possible to tint in different colors, while the composition will be the final decorative layer on the facade. A limitation in use is the high cost of the material.

Winter facade putty can be based on cement or acrylic with the addition of chemical components that improve solidification at low temperatures. This is additionally indicated by the manufacturer on the package, the prices of such compounds are higher.

By design, facade putty is divided into the following types:

• Basic. The granular structure is intended for leveling and restoration of facades with cracks and potholes up to 150 mm.
• Home. The finely divided liquid structure is used for finishing with a layer of up to 0.4 cm.
• Decorative. With its help give various textured effects. For the facade, texture putty is used.
• Wood Compounds. For wooden structures, the vapor permeability index is important so that the outer putty layer does not delay the release of water vapor.

Depending on the readiness of the putty, two types of products are distinguished: dry mix and finished composition. Dry putty has the form of a powder, which requires preliminary mixing with water to a certain consistency. After mixing, the components of the mixture react, maturation occurs, after which you can begin to putty. Available in bags from 5 to 30 kg.

Ready putty is a fully prepared product suitable for direct use on the surface. Only needs to stir the mixture until smooth. Ready-made polymer compounds are produced, which are poured into buckets from 2.5 kg.

Manufacturers

Such domestic brands of putty mixtures are widely known:

The construction brand Ceresit is owned by the oldest German concern Henkel, which located its factories in Russia. To finish the facade of mineral materials, the plant produces cement putty Ceresit CT 225. It is applied with a durable thin layer of up to 3 mm of white or gray color, delivered in 25 kg bags.

The company "Prospectors" specializes in the production of dry mixes for construction and finishing works. In the lineup there are 3 varieties of cement putties for outdoor use: facade white, facade gray and facade finish.

Facade putty can be applied to a layer of up to 1 cm, finish - up to 3 mm. The mixture is produced in 5 kg bags and 20 kg bags. It is distinguished by affordable price and acceptable quality according to German technology.

Domestic manufacturer Volma produces dry facade putty based on Portland cement. Volma Aquastandard and Volma Aquastandard Light with reinforced fibers make it possible to make a leveling layer up to 1 cm. Sold in bags of 22 kg.

The plant of the company "Bolars" is engaged in the production of three types of dry products for filling the external walls. These include facade, facade-finishing and leveling products. Suitable for leveling up to 1 cm with plasterboard, aerated concrete, brick and concrete surfaces. It is packaged in 5 kg, 20 kg and 25 kg. Bolars also produces ready-made polymer putty Imperiya Fasad for painting, supplied in buckets of 8 or 28 kg.

VGT Enterprise LLC produces ready-made facade acrylic compounds of the Bau master Shelton and VGT brands. The versatility of putty allows you to apply it on different types of surfaces with a layer of up to 7 mm. It is characterized by a short setting time - 8 hours. Available in buckets of 3.6 kg, 7.5 kg and 18 kg, as well as in barrels of 50 kg.

Under the Osnovit trademark, the front foundation Putty Bazsilk PC 30 MG is putty based on cement. It is released in bags of 20 kg of white and gray. It has water repellent properties with reinforced additives.

Popular foreign manufacturers of facade finishing materials are the German concern Knauf and the European brand Weber Vetonit. Knauf facade putties are made on a cement basis. “Knauf multi-finish” was created for the finishing of external walls with a layer of up to 5 mm. The advantage when using is a low consumption per 1 sq. m. It has good adhesion to plastered surfaces.

Vetonit cement and acrylic putty is a high-quality composition for leveling the facade with a layer thickness of up to 0.5 cm. The Vetonit assortment includes a large selection of decorative texture mixes for the facade.

The composition of the material and why they are needed

Strength and performance characteristics depend on its formulation. There are several types of this material, but in each of them there are common components:

• mineral fillers,
• plasticizers
• cement or gypsum
• modifying additives.

The plasticity of the solution, adhesion to the treated surface, and resistance to external aggressive environment will depend on the variety of the latter. Often, adhesives, laundry soap, varnishes, drying oil, chalk and gypsum are added to the putty solution as additives. They are selected depending on the operating conditions of the solution.

You can find out how much time the putty dries in this article.

Facade putty is used not only to align the external walls, but also it is possible to process their inner side. Before applying it, the surface must be cleaned of dust and primed. Today on sale there are mixtures in which a primer is already present, they can be immediately putty on the surface without preliminary preparation. The composition is applied by a multilayer method, allowing the previous layer of putty to dry. Then, after the last layer has dried, it is treated with large sandpaper or a metal brush.

On the video - facade putty for outdoor work:

What wood putty for outdoor work looks like, you can see by reading this article.

With water repellent effect

Putty with a water-repellent effect prevents the appearance of condensation on the walls resulting from rain and evaporation on the surface. Its advantages are:

• simplicity and speed of application,
• distribution uniformity
• protection of concrete structures from moisture,
• compatibility with various types of plaster.

Frost resistant option

Frost-resistant concrete putty is used to seal cracks and chips on the surface of buildings. It makes the building resistant to low temperatures. Its opposite is heat-resistant putty, which is also popular.

About how to putty putty under the wallpaper, see the article.

Cement

Cement puttyapplied to concrete structures if they have deep cracks. This mixture is sold dry, diluted with water before use. Keep it away from moisture. It is of three types:

• starting
• universal
• finish line.

The starting composition includes quartz sand, and the finish is made of marble dust and marshallite. Special additives improve their properties.

How does putty for a wooden floor look like, is indicated in this article.

The advantage of these materials is:

• resistance to temperature extremes,
• affordable cost
• ease of working with them.

• shrinkage,
• over time, cracks may appear on their surface.

Acrylic

Acrylic putty is used not only for leveling walls, but also for decorating them. It is supplied in liquid form and can be applied immediately to walls. It can be applied to absolutely any surface. It is finishing and leveling.

It describes how to put the finishing putty under the wallpaper.

Due to its plastic structure, acrylic compositions are well applied and do not peel off during operation. The permissible layer thickness of such putty is 1-3 mm. Before applying it, the surface must be prepared and primed.

Pros:

• moisture resistance of the material,
• elasticity,
• high strength
• ease of application.

What is the difference between gypsum plaster and putty can be found in this article.

Minuses:

• unable to repair deep cracks at a time,
• grinding its frozen surface must be carried out in a respirator.

Latex

Latex (acrylate) putty is suitable for application to exterior walls due to its improved moisture and frost resistance. It is made in a pasty form.

Pros:

• easy application
• plastic,
• high protective characteristics
• durability.

How latex putty for walls is used is indicated in this article.

Minus:

Silicate (front)

Silicate putties are a mineral type of facade solutions. Their basis is liquid glass. The compositions can be purchased in the form of finished masses. They are distinguished by high vapor permeability, therefore this type of putty is used for walls made of shell rock and cellular concrete. This type protects the material from moisture and dust accumulations, as it has a neutral electrostaticity.

Pros:

• they are used on walls where other putties cannot be used due to the low rate of vapor permeability,
• perfectly protect the surface from moisture.

Minus:

• their surface often suffers from cracks.

How is the finishing putty for painting used and what is its price, is indicated in this article.

Oil-glue

Oil-glue compositions are the oldest solutions used for wall cladding. They protect the surface from external aggressive factors, protect it from loss of performance. Due to the dense composition during their application, a situation with layer heterogeneity may occur, pieces of the solution often fall off from the walls. This is due to the large specific gravity of the mixture compared to other putties.

A plus:

• high protective properties
• low price.

Minus:

• high weight and density
• more often they are used for processing floors than walls.

Thermal and moisture resistant gypsum

Gypsum putties are used for almost any surface and condition. Their properties depend on the type of polymer additives. For example, polystyrene increases the frost resistance of the composition, and latex helps it withstand moisture. It does not shrink, so it does not crack when dried. Available in powder and liquid form, the latter is more expensive.

Pros:

• high technical characteristics
• wide range of applications
• durability,
• ductility, it is easy to handle places with deep cracks,
• heat and moisture resistant
• affordable price.

Minus:

• it is better not to use it in its pure form, it is necessary to buy a solution in which additives are present.

Silicone

Silicone putties are the most stable and expensive solutions.They are elastic, have a high vapor permeability and durability. They have the property of self-cleaning. Well applied to the surface with a thin layer, withstand the uniformity of the mass.

Pros:

• plastic,
• vapor permeability
• after rain, the surfaces covered by them are cleaned of dust and dirt,
• unlimited variety of colors.

Minuses:

Knauf

Knauf is characterized by high strength properties, practical in application, easy to apply. It can be used without difficulty even for a novice. This company presents a wide range of gypsum varieties with various polymer additives.

It is delivered in 25 and 30 kg packages. Their cost varies from 300 to 400 rubles.

Ceresit

Zerisite putty is used for leveling cement, brick, calcareous exterior as well as interior surfaces. It is applied only in the warm period. All the resulting composition must be used up within an hour. The maximum layer thickness is 20 mm. It has high strength and frost resistance. It has a long service life. The cost of 25 kg of product is in the range of 700-750 rubles.

SCANMIX TT

There are start and finish versions of the solution. They have high frost and moisture resistance. Level walls and cover wide and deep cracks. The minimum layer thickness is 4 cm, the maximum is 20. The material hardens in a day. It has polymer additives, suitable for any type of surface. It can be purchased on average for 450 rubles.

Proform

Putty is supplied in finished liquid form. Differs in easy drawing, durability and durability. It has excellent adhesion and performance after drying. It is delivered in a plastic bucket of 28 kg; its price is 1400 rubles.

The choice of one of the types of putty will depend on the material of the facade of the building and the necessary properties. Before buying, you should evaluate the characteristics of the selected type and reviews about its manufacturer. You should choose a trusted and reliable company. An ideal option would be a practical, durable and inexpensive facade putty.

Selection tips

The main rule when choosing a facade putty is the assessment of the foundation. The composition of the putty mixture will depend on the quality of the working surface. For uneven walls and sealing cracks more than 5 mm, cement-based putty is suitable. It includes granular grains of sand, so the composition is able to fill gaps, potholes and pits up to 1 cm. Finished acrylic compositions are elastic and penetrate into the smallest pores, forming a smooth and even surface.

The type of putty depends on the base material, since different compositions have different degrees of adhesion. When buying, pay attention to what type of surface the putty mixture is intended. For brick, concrete, plaster, gypsum, aerated concrete, cement and acrylic compositions are intended. For wood and wood-based panels, oil-glue and acrylate putties are suitable.

Crack resistance is an important feature for facade mixtures. This must be considered when buying. It is also worth familiarizing with the characteristics of the composition. It is necessary to take into account the drying time of the finished layer: acrylate putties dry faster - up to 8 hours, cement compositions are ready for further processing in 24–72 hours.

Cement based putties are available in gray, beige or white. In order not to distort the shade of paints and varnishes, a white putty is chosen for painting. It is even better to use pasty compositions of a snow-white color.

The instructions should indicate the possibility of coloring the finished coating. When choosing, you can take into account the possibility of changing the color of the filler mixture by adding color or pigment.

Frost-resistant weather-resistant compounds acquire their properties while observing the temperature regime during finishing work. Almost all putties are applied at temperatures from +5 to +20 degrees. Cement compositions harden faster at temperatures from +25 degrees. A polymer-based mixture can be operated at temperatures from +5 to +35 degrees.

In sunny weather you can not putty - Sunlight should not fall on the work surface. Do not carry out finishing work in the rainsince the diluted composition is adversely affected by an increase in humidity of over 80%.

Depending on the volume of putty work, the necessary packaging of products is selected. The weight of the mixture is calculated from the surface area and the maximum flow rate per 1 square. m for a specific putty. The approximate thickness of the layer necessary for leveling is added to the weight. The packaging indicates the approximate consumption of the mixture for various base materials.

If putty work will be carried out by lay people, then you need to pay attention to the speed of hardening of the composition. A longer plasticity time of the diluted mixture will allow puttying longer. On average, the application time of the prepared putty is 1-3 hours.

About how to putty the facade with your own hands, see the next video.

Description

Putty is a mortar of a consistency similar to paste. For application to the surface, use a spatula. The walls are covered with a small layer and dried for several hours. The abrasive paper removes the excess mixture, achieve a leveling surface. The choice of the desired filler depends on the type of base and purpose of work.

The consumption of starting putty per 1 m2 is 12-14 liters.

Finishing putty consumption per 1 m2 is 4 liters.

Purpose of facade putty

Without the use of putty, no construction of a house, building, or cottage is carried out.

In addition to the main purpose - wall alignment, facade putty, the strength of which is associated with the presence of cement and synthetic resins, has additional functions:

• protection against external weather influences and mechanical damages,
• strengthening sound and heat insulation of the building.

Composition and properties

Components that provide the main properties: ductility, a high degree of adhesion (adhesion to the surface), moisture resistance, frost resistance, resistance to abrasion, cracking, fading, temperature changes, compatibility with paints and varnishes:

• cement, gypsum, chalk,
• special mineral (quartz, marble, etc.) fillers,
• modifying additives
• special plasticizers
• glue,
• varnish, varnish,
• talc, barite.

According to the purpose of work

There are types of finely dispersed compositions with fractions of various sizes:

1. Starting or leveling putty coarse-grained structure for applying the first layer to the base material. The main rough processing and smoothing of the surface occurs with the sealing of defects: cracks, cracks, irregularities. Important criteria for selecting a putty composition are adhesion to the substrate and strength. A layer of 2 to 25 mm is applied.
2. Finish or putty of the second layer fine-grained structure for the final leveling of the surface before the decorative finish. A more liquid composition is applied with a layer of up to 4 mm. The selection criterion is elasticity to temperature changes and wall shrinkage, compatibility with a decorative coating.
3. Universal putty combines the features of start and finish, convenient to use, but less quality than functionally directed.
4. Specialty Putty created to solve a specific problem: for example, closing joints, creating decorative details or protecting wood from weathering. It requires precise use according to the instructions.

Decor can be applied to the facade finished with putty: mosaic, tile coating, paint, enamel, etc.

By ingredient based composition

1. With a predominant gypsum component - level the surface well due to its high ductility, do not shrink. The disadvantage is low moisture resistance, and therefore the scope of use is limited. The gypsum composition is strengthened with polymer additives (expanded polystyrene, latex), strengthening the protective properties of the coating.
2. With a predominance of cement - Differs in high durability, moisture resistance, influence of a temperature difference, is steady against cracking. For finishing work, the composition includes chemical components, marble and quartz fillers (microcalcite, marshalite), so the color can be white, gray or yellow. The disadvantage is that it has a tendency to shrink, dries for a long time, and is prone to pollution.

Dry

Special powdery mixture with long storage at low humidity. It tolerates transportation in bags and is prepared before use strictly according to the attached instructions.

Benefits:

• ease of preparation (dilution with water) with strict observance of the specified formulation,
• use for all stages of work.

Disadvantages:

• calculation of the flow rate of the solution for 1 sq.m. surface due to the short period of use after dilution with water: up to 3 hours,
• the possibility of errors in preparing the composition for use.

Pasty

Ready to use - stored in plastic containers. Before use, beating with a construction mixer is recommended.

Benefits:

• compliance with the necessary proportions,
• ease of use
• long shelf life.

Disadvantages:

• Inability to use in thin layers due to a tendency to shrink. It is not recommended to use putties of ready-to-use formulations in layers more than 5 mm thick.
• High price.

Criteria for the selection of facade putties

• resistance to weathering and technical damage,
• fractions (filler) of various sizes, affecting the degree of alignment of the treated surface,
• compatibility with materials for subsequent decorative decoration of the facade,
• durability, resistance to cracking,
• ease of use
• high adhesion to the base material (adhesiveness),
• correlation of price and quality indicators.

The optimal properties for facade coatings are paste-like combined compositions having a fine-grained fraction suitable for all stages of puttying.

Comparison of types of putties

Overview of major manufacturers

Among the well-known manufacturers whose products are in demand on the construction market include:

• German company Knauf. External cement putties are characterized by frost and moisture resistance, are ideally suited both to the decoration of new and the restoration of old facades. Average price category.
• Finnish company Vetonit. Particularly popular are acrylic-based mixtures for concrete and wood substrates in wet conditions. Average price category.
• Ceresit - production Russia. It supplies a wide range of mixes for various types of putty coatings. Average price category.
• "Prospectors" - production of Russia. Well-known brand, materials are affordable and meet the quality requirements.
• Bolars - production of Russia. It features good quality putty and durability. Budget prices, a wide selection of putties for the intended purpose of work.

Before buying, you need to determine the amount of work, the purpose of the putty, the conditions for applying the composition and evaluate the feedback of practitioners familiar with the products of various companies. Recommendations and comments can help in your choice. The cost may depend on the company of the manufacturer, the city of purchase and the supplier of the goods.

Solution preparation technology

If you have to prepare the solution yourself from a dry putty mixture, it is recommended that you strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions. The main steps are as follows:

1. Pour the dry mixture in parts into the prepared water in the proportion according to the specified recipe. This mixing method avoids the formation of lumps.
2. Using a drill (a special nozzle is used), mix the solution to a uniform consistency. You can mix manually, but the process will take longer.
3. Soak for 5 minutes and re-stir the solution.

The volume of the first portion should not be large, its use will further evaluate the desired amount of solution per volume of the working area. The prepared solution from the dry mixture is viable for no more than 3 hours. Therefore, application is immediate.

Solution application technology

It is possible to apply facade putty manually and mechanically. The mechanical method requires a special unit. When using it, the requirements for uniformity of the consistency of the solution increase.

The following rules are recommended:

1. The surface is pre-cleaned of contaminants.
2. Putty is applied first to all the recesses, depressions, crevices, cracks, and eliminate basic irregularities.
3. Before applying a new layer, you need to withstand enough time to dry the previous one. The minimum time should be indicated in the instructions.
4. The drying period of the last layer is longer than the first. Putty should be protected from sudden changes in temperature and exposure to direct sunlight.
5. Do not apply putty in rain, snow, with sudden gusts of wind. The temperature allowed for work is from 5 to 30 C. Freshly putty should be protected from drying out and waterlogging.
6. Wall covering with mortar is carried out on beacons. The first stripes show the desired layer thickness, then work is carried out further.
7. After the putty is completely dried, the walls are sanded with abrasive agents.

Remember that:

• The instructions may indicate small "tricks" of this composition or work with it. Read all recommendations carefully.
• If it is planned to paint the facade after puttying, then select a light composition, it will preserve the brightness of the paint.

What facade facings consist of

As mentioned above, facade putties should have certain qualities, namely high rates of frost resistance. The composition of a quality putty should include the following components:

• Plaster or cement.
• Plasticizer.
• Modifying additives.
• Mineral fillers.

Very often, when finishing the facade, putty is used with a high content of glue, soap, gypsum and chalk. Depending on the type of work, different types of this material are selected, the most popular are: combined putty, facade cement, latex mixture, acrylic facade and others. A universal option is considered a combined putty of the facade, which is great for leveling the surface, in addition, it allows you to cover even very large flaws and flaws. The combined putty, even after many years, will not sprinkle, and will not flake even in the cold season.

The shelf life of facade putties is limited to six months. Do not stock up on her in advance!

Front frost-resistant putty or, as it is also called, cement

It is an excellent option for finishing facades. Due to its white color, the frost-resistant facade putty allows you to paint it immediately after drying, without preparatory work.It is worth emphasizing that diluted cement putty quickly hardens, so you need to work with it very carefully. Among other things, cement putty allows not only to smooth out large irregularities, but also to create any decorative relief on the facade. And its main property in price, cement putty is the most inexpensive for facade decoration.

What to look for when buying putty

In addition to the fact that the material must be resistant to mechanical as well as atmospheric influences, it must also have other important characteristics. When buying material, it is necessary to take into account characteristics that affect the appearance of the surface.

1. The ability to mix with pigment formulations to change color. This will make it possible to do without painting the surface, and any mechanical damage to the walls will not be so noticeable.
2. Putty consumption per square meter. Consumption depends, as a rule, on the thickness of the laid layer and on the filler. The smaller the thickness, the more economical the material.
3. Putty should be compatible with any paints and varnishes that are necessarily used in wall decoration.
4. The temporary period of solidification of the mixture.
5. Plasticity of the material.

How to choose a winter facade putty

What are the main properties for winter facade putties - this is the ability to work at low temperatures and the resistance to cracking during drying. As winter, you can use acrylic and cement putties. But on the manufacturer’s packaging there should be a corresponding record - “winter series”. Of course, such putties will be a little more expensive than usual, because they added a special construction chemistry that improves adhesion at low temperatures.

What facade putty is waterproof

Water-resistant is cement putty. It is used not only for facades, but also for screeding and for decorating bathtubs in the house. Therefore, it does not need additional polymers and hydrophobic substances, such as gypsum.

Gypsum putty for facades is not at all suitable and can be used only in interiors and not in wet rooms. Of course, marketers and technologists came together and found a way to use it in damp rooms, adding the very water repellents to it.

Does facade putty protect against fungus

Those facade putties, which include antistatic agents and antiseptics, protect. It is better, of course, to treat the effect, and the cause. And prevent the formation of fungus on the facade. Mold on the facade is always the result of dampness, which for some reason appears and for some reason does not dry out. It is better to think in this direction to exclude the causes of the fungus.

Important! Remember that each subsequent layer in the wall structure should be more vapor permeable to the previous one. If this principle is violated, problems with the fungus cannot be avoided by any antiseptics. They simply can’t do it.

What to do next, after puttying the walls of the facade

To paint, plaster, trim with panels based on insulation or use the latest technology of a hinged ventilated facade. A hinged facade is a cladding with siding, plastic or metal panels, porcelain stoneware, wood or stone panels. In general, after the facade is putty, proceed to the design of the exterior.

How to properly putty the facade

Just make a reservation, there are two ways to putty the facade: manual and machine. Machine room is used to work with large volumes to increase the speed of work. For a private home, of course, this is irrelevant. While you are getting used to the apparatus, the facade will end, and the material will leave twice as much as with the manual method.

Therefore, it is advisable to apply the material on its own, with a spatula or grater. Regardless of the method of applying the material, first of all, the base must be prepared: they clean the surface from dirt, dust and oil stains, then they make the primer, which is necessary to ensure adhesion of the materials.

Ready putty material is mixed before work. If there are significant defects on the surface, they must first be eliminated by filling cracks and cracks with putty. After the “patches” are completely dry, a continuous layer of material can be applied. If necessary, apply several layers. To achieve an excellent result, the finished surface is recommended to be sanded.

Tip. Do not putty the facade in high humidity or in hot weather, when the surface is very hot - this greatly reduces the quality of the finish. Because putty requires a certain drying time.

Consumption per 1m2 of start and finish putty

Starting putty is needed for filling cracks, smoothing out small drops. Its consumption cannot be calculated exactly, since it is necessary to build on the state of the wall. But for grouting an average crack, you will need a layer of approximately 3-4 mm per square meter. Perhaps it is not necessary to cover the entire wall with starting putty, so it makes sense to estimate the area of ​​putty.

To cover one square meter with a starting filler layer of 4 mm, you need four kilograms of dry mix. Usually the dry mixture is in bags of 20 kg.

Finishing putty consumption per square meter is less than the start. Largely due to the preliminary priming of the surface. You can focus on 1 mm.

To cover one square meter with a 1 mm finish putty, you need 1.2 kg of dry mix.

Consumption per 1 m2 of universal putty

The claimed consumption of universal putty by manufacturers is lower than the combination of start and finish putty separately. Typically, it is 1.5 kg per square meter for a 1 mm layer. Consumption manufacturers always indicate on the packaging.

How many mm thick layer you need, it will all depend on the condition of the surface to be coated. Let's focus on the middle layer of 2 mm.

To cover one square meter with a 2 mm universal putty layer, you need 3 kg of dry mix.

It is justifiable to use universal putty on more or less smooth and crack-resistant surfaces.

Work Stages

It is recommended to finish the facade after shrinking the foundation. As a rule, this process takes about a year. Processing the walls requires some effort and effort, you must be fully prepared for the fact that you have to do at least two layers of mortar to get the desired result.

It will be impossible to manage with one layer, even a qualified specialist will not be able to cope with such a task. The best temperature for outdoor work is from 9 to 20 ° C, the permissible humidity should not exceed 80%.

The process of applying putty is as follows:

1. The surface is cleaned of excess dirt and old finishes.
2. A primer is placed on the cleaned surface, before it begins further operation, it must dry. It is better to prime the surface in two layers.
3. Then hollows, dents, and cracks are removed. After which the material is allowed to dry.
4. Putty is applied evenly on the walls, and then carefully leveled. As improvised means it is better to use two metal spatulas of different sizes and a construction grater. It is important to note that the facade material must be used in its pure form, it can not be mixed with paint or other additives.
5. After the first layer of putty has dried, it must be primed in order to improve adhesion to other layers.
6. The starting putty is applied layer by layer until the surface of the facade is completely straightened. Each layer is applied only after the previous has dried.
7. At the last stage, putty is put on top of the base material.

Expert Experience

According to many construction companies, the best option for puttying building facades is the one that contains cement. Such material is quite easily applied to the surface of the walls and has high strength after drying. If you are going to repair the facade, you must understand that each subsequent layer should be more vapor-proof than the previous one. Otherwise, fungus and mold cannot be avoided. So that you do not bother much with the selection of each layer, select all the elements of the same manufacturer. This ensures that you observe the principle of vapor permeability when decorating the facade. So you can completely protect yourself from the incompatibility of materials.

Have a nice finish! Share comments and experience on the facade putty.

Varieties

Depending on the consistency, the following types of facade putty are distinguished:

The starting material is characterized by a coarse-grained structure. It is suitable for initial decoration. This putty is characterized by good adhesion, ease of processing.

It effectively levels the surface. It is enough to apply layers up to 2 centimeters thick.

Facade finishing putty is very shallow. Its use allows you to get a smooth and even base. It precedes the beginning of decorative finishes. Compared with the "start", then this material is less durable. When working, it is necessary to ensure that the thickness of the putty applied does not exceed 5 millimeters.

Now on sale there are also universal ones. According to the photo of the facade putty, it can not be distinguished from other types. They combine the qualities of finishing and starting materials.

Often, they are used for internal repair and construction work. They are unsuitable for facade decoration.

When performing outdoor work using material made on the basis of cement or polymers. It is resistant to freezing temperatures, high humidity.

As part of the "start" there is quartz sand, in the "finish" there is marble dust, ground sand. To improve performance, various chemicals are added to the material.

Advantages and disadvantages

All varieties of putties have their advantages and disadvantages. Let's consider them in detail.

Cement putties: resistant to moisture, temperature extremes. They are unpretentious in operation and have an affordable cost. The disadvantages include the fact that the material shrinks. Also, the likelihood of cracks and other similar defects.

Polymer putties are of two types:

The first are considered universal. They are suitable for both exterior and interior decoration. They are odorless and do not emit substances hazardous to human life and health.

The material is plastic. After drying, no cracks appear on the surface. The only drawback is the high cost.

Acrylic material also has a wide range of applications. Acrylic, present at the base of the putty, provides it with moisture resistance and ductility. The material does not peel. It is used for decoration and protection of concrete and foam concrete surfaces. The maximum layer thickness is from one to three millimeters.

Masters working with this building material should consider that the surface must first be primed. There are also disadvantages. Firstly, if serious defects are present on the surface, then it will be necessary to putty in several stages. Secondly, grinding work must be carried out exclusively in a respirator.

Putty of facades. Useful Tips

Putty for external decoration is applied in various ways. The hardware method is considered quite effective. For this, a device is used that delivers the solution under high pressure.

However, there are several requirements. The material must certainly be given the desired consistency. In addition, the hardware method does not allow uniform application of the material.

The optimal solution is to apply the solution to the surface with a grater or spatula.

Despite which particular option is selected, the surface needs to be well prepared:

• Clean from stains of oil, dirt and dust,
• Primer (it will provide perfect adhesion of building materials, protect the surface from mold and fungus).

The finished mixture must be thoroughly mixed, and dry - diluted with liquid. It is recommended that you strictly follow the instructions from the manufacturer.

It is advisable to prepare the solution in small portions. This is because its ductility is gradually decreasing. The setting time depends on which ingredients are present in the mixture. Often, it ranges from thirty minutes to two to three hours.

Serious defects must be removed. All cracks, holes and potholes are sealed with putty. It is allowed to start applying a continuous layer when all the patches have dried.

If there is a need, the master can apply several more layers. To achieve a smooth and even foundation, it must be sanded.

Remember that it is not recommended to putty facades in the heat and in high humidity. This will degrade quality and adversely affect the longevity of the exterior.